Articles

48 articles on language models, agents, and software design.

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Reversing Chinese Poetry

Creating our first RL Pipeline with Verifiers

Jan 2, 2026·22 min read·Reinforcement Learning From Scratch

Three Lessons I've Learned at Manus

Lessons learnt from going from zero to $100M ARR in 8 months

Dec 22, 2025·7 min read

Implementing BPE

Building a Byte-Pair Encoding tokenizer from scratch

Nov 30, 2025·34 min read·LLMs From Scratch

Spinning Up RL

Getting started with reinforcement learning

Nov 9, 2025·14 min read·Reinforcement Learning From Scratch

Agentic Search

Models can't do much without the right context, agentic search does just that

Oct 11, 2025·13 min read·Building an Agent

Building your own AI SDK

Switch between models with your own custom router

Oct 9, 2025·32 min read·Building an Agent

Building a Coding CLI with React Ink

Migrating Our Coding Agent to React Ink

Jul 17, 2025·18 min read·Building an Agent

Building An Agent

Implementing a coding agent in around 200 lines of Javascript code

Jul 16, 2025·13 min read·Building an Agent

MCPs for Tiny Automations

If you're not working with MCPs, you're missing out on a powerful tool for rapid prototyping and automation.

Jul 1, 2025·7 min read

Coding is the New Writing

Turns out I never liked coding all along

Jun 27, 2025·6 min read

Building Voice Agents with ElevenLabs Conversational AI

Lessons from building a voice-based chatbot for customer service training

Apr 22, 2025·7 min read

Why are voice agents hard to build?

Three key things making it tough to build reliable voice agents

Apr 20, 2025·4 min read

Why you're missing out on not building with streaming UIs in mind

Key considerations when building UIs that rely on streaming LLM content

Mar 25, 2025·6 min read

MCPs are really LLM microservices

How the Model Context Protocol is really just a precursor to LLM applications as microservices

Mar 8, 2025·8 min read

Building Reliable LLM Applications

How to build reliable LLM applications with structured outputs, synthetic data and binary metrics

Jan 27, 2025·11 min read

Understanding User Conversations

How do we understand Conversations at Scale while preserving user privacy?

Jan 4, 2025·20 min read

How I Use Claude

How do I use Claude on a day to day basis?

Jan 4, 2025·6 min read

Getting started with language models in 2025

A road map for 2025 and some thoughts on how to get started

Dec 29, 2024·13 min read

What Happened in 2024

A year of personal and professional growth

Dec 26, 2024·5 min read

A Weekend of Text to Image/Video Models

Practical guide to setting up text-to-image and video generation using Modal and ComfyUI

Dec 22, 2024·7 min read

Simplify your LLM Evals

A practical guide to writing binary evals for subjective tasks

Dec 15, 2024·7 min read

Is there value in a wrapper

Why infrastructure, user experience, and data create lasting competitive advantages in AI applications

Dec 14, 2024·7 min read

What it means to look at your data

Learn how to evaluate and improve your LLM systems

Dec 9, 2024·6 min read

Taming Your LLM Application

How to start shipping more reliable LLM applications to prod

Dec 5, 2024·14 min read

Are your eval improvements just pure chance?

Grokking simple statistical analysis for LLM evals

Dec 4, 2024·10 min read

What Makes Good Documentation

Lessons learnt from writing 40k lines of documentation of instructor

Dec 2, 2024·6 min read

Why User Intent matters the most for Synthetic Data

The easiest thing you can do today to improve your synthetic data quality

Nov 29, 2024·9 min read

You're probably using LLMs wrongly

Get 10x the results with LLMs in 3 simple steps

Nov 28, 2024·6 min read

A minimal setup guide for Mac

How I'm setting up my Mac for ML Open Source Development

Nov 27, 2024·4 min read

Write Stupid Evals

Keep it simple and worry about the rest later

Nov 26, 2024·7 min read

Is RAG dead?

RAG isn't dead, it just got more complicated

Nov 24, 2024·5 min read

Synthetic Data is no Free Lunch

Hard-earned lessons from generating millions of synthetic data points and why validation matters more than volume

Nov 23, 2024·8 min read

You're probably not doing experiments right

How to get the results that you want from your LLM experiments

Nov 20, 2024·5 min read

Why Instructor might be a better bet than Langchain

Deciding on the right LLM framework for your application

Sep 21, 2024·9 min read

How does Instructor work?

How your request goes from chat completion to validated Pydantic model

Sep 8, 2024·10 min read

Getting Started with Evals - a speedrun through Braintrust

Writing your first eval test in under 5 minutes

Sep 5, 2024·10 min read

How to create synthetic data that works

Lessons from generating a few million tokens of synthetic data with gpt-4o-mini

Aug 27, 2024·6 min read

AI Engineering World Fair

Some thoughts from the AI Engineering World Fair

Jun 30, 2024·6 min read

Grokking LLMs

Speedrunning everything I learnt in the past year

May 2, 2024·23 min read

Writing your first Rust cli Tool

A quick guide to creating tools for yourself

Apr 27, 2024·7 min read

Writing scripts that scale

A few actionable tips to writing better machine learning scripts

Apr 19, 2024·6 min read

Everything I've learnt about writing good Python code

Speedrun your way to becoming a good python developer and don't make the same mistakes I did

Apr 17, 2024·10 min read

Learning with Adult Responsibilities

Lessons from trying to teach myself about AI over the past 6 months

Jan 20, 2024·7 min read

GPT-React

Using RAG to generate UI Components

Dec 20, 2023·18 min read

A guide to RWKV V3

A guide to a strong open-source transformer alternative

Sep 28, 2023·13 min read

Reinventing Gandalf

How to simulate a red-team attack on your own models to improve their robustness

Sep 25, 2023·24 min read

Classifying Google Map locations with LLMs

Using LLMs to automatically tag and categorize your favourite eating spots

Jul 1, 2023·12 min read

Whispers In The Background

Implementing an Event-Driven approach for whisper transcriptions

May 1, 2023·4 min read